OPAE C++ Core API Reference¶

The reference documentation for the OPAE C++ Core API is grouped into the following sections:

Overview ¶

The OPAE C++ API enables C++ developers with the means to use FPGA resources by integrating the OPAE software stack into C++ applications.

Keep the API as small and lightweight as possible. Although features such as system validation and orchestration are beyond the scope of this API, using this API for their development should be relatively easy.

Extensibility and Interoperability ¶

While keeping to the goal of simplicity, the OPAE C++ API is designed to allow for better reuse by either extending the API or by integrating with other languages.

Modern C++ Coding Practices ¶

The OPAE C++ API uses the C++ 11 standard library and makes use of its features whenever practical. The OPAE C++ API is also designed to require the minimum number of third-party libraries/dependencies.

Error Handling ¶

The OPAE C++ API is designed to throw exceptions when appropriate. The structure of OPAE C++ exceptions is similar to the error codes in the OPAE C API. This gives users of the API more freedom on error handling while providing better debug information in cases of failure.

Coding Style ¶

For formatting of the OPAE C++ API complies with most of the recommendations of the Google C++ style. For example, the OPAE C++ API uses:

opening braces on the same line as their scope definition
spaces instead of tabs for indentation
indentation of two spaces

Fundamental Types ¶

Basic types for the OPAE C++ API are found in the opae::fpga::types namespace. They serve as an adapter layer between the OPAE C API and the OPAE C++ layer. Aside from providing a C++ binding to the C fundamental types, these types also:

manage the lifetime and scope of the corresponding C struct.

For example a C++ destructor will take care of calling the appropriate C function to release the data structure being wrapped.

provide a friendly syntax for using the OPAE C type.

Most classes in this namespace have a c_type() method that returns the C data structure being wrapped, making it easy to use the OPAE C++ type with the OPAE C API. Alternatively, most classes in this namespace have implicit conversion operators that enable interoperability with the OPAE C API.

Properties ¶

C++ class properties wraps fpga_properties and uses pvalue and guid_t to get and set properties stored in an instance of an fpga_properties. pvalue and guid_t are designed to call an accessor method in the OPAE C API to either read property values or write them. Most accessor methods in the OPAE C API share a similar signature, so pvalue generalizes them into common operations that translate into calling the corresponding C API function. guid_t follows similar patterns when reading or assigning values.

pvalue.h ¶

namespace opae¶

namespace fpga¶

namespace types¶

struct guid_t¶

#include <pvalue.h>

Representation of the guid member of a properties object.

Public Functions

guid_t(fpga_properties *p)¶: Construct the guid_t given its containing fpga_properties.

void update()¶: Update the local cached copy of the guid.

operator uint8_t *()¶

Return a raw pointer to the guid.

Return Value

nullptr: if the guid could not be queried.

const uint8_t *c_type() const¶: Return a raw pointer to the guid.

guid_t &operator=(fpga_guid g)¶

Assign from fpga_guid Sets the guid field of the associated properties object using the OPAE properties API.

Return

a reference to this guid_t.

Parameters

g: The given fpga_guid.

bool operator==(const fpga_guid &g)¶

Compare contents with an fpga_guid.

Return Value

The: result of memcmp of the two objects.

void parse(const char *str)¶

Convert a string representation of a guid to binary.

Parameters

str: The guid string.

bool is_set() const¶: Tracks whether the cached local copy of the guid is valid.

void invalidate()¶: Invalidate the cached local copy of the guid.

Private Members

fpga_properties *props_¶

bool is_set_¶

std::array<uint8_t, 16> data_¶

Friends

std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &ostr, const guid_t &g)¶: Send the string representation of the guid_t to the given stream.

template <typename T> struct pvalue¶

#include <pvalue.h>

Wraps OPAE properties defined in the OPAE C API by associating an fpga_properties reference with the getters and setters defined for a property.

Template Parameters

T: The type of the property value being wrapped

Public Types

typedef std::conditional<std::is_same<T, char *>::value, fpga_result (*)(fpga_properties, T), fpga_result (*)(fpga_properties, T *)>::type getter_t¶: Define getter function as getter_t For char* types, do not use T* as the second argument but instead use T.

template<> typedef fpga_result (*setter_t)(fpga_properties, T)¶: Define the setter function as setter_t.

typedef std::conditional<std::is_same<T, char *>::value, typename std::string, T>::type copy_t¶: Define the type of our copy variable For char* types use std::string as the copy.

Public Functions

pvalue()¶

pvalue(fpga_properties *p, getter_t g, setter_t s)¶

pvalue contructor that takes in a reference to fpga_properties and corresponding accessor methods for a property

Parameters

p: A reference to an fpga_properties
g: The getter function
s: The setter function

pvalue<T> &operator=(const T &v)¶

Overload of = operator that calls the wrapped setter.

Return

A reference to itself

Parameters

v: The value to set

bool operator==(const T &other)¶

Compare a property for equality with a value.

Return

Whether or not the property is equal to the value

Parameters

other: The value being compared to

void update()¶

operator copy_t()¶

Implicit converter operator - calls the wrapped getter.

Return: The property value after calling the getter or a default value of the value type

fpga_result get_value(T &value) const¶

bool is_set() const¶: Tracks whether the cached local copy of the pvalue is valid.

void invalidate()¶: Invalidate the cached local copy of the pvalue.

template <> void update()¶

Return: The result of the property getter function.

Private Members

fpga_properties *props_¶

bool is_set_¶

copy_t copy_¶

getter_t get_¶

setter_t set_¶

Friends

std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &ostr, const pvalue<T> &p)¶

Stream overalod operator.

Return

The stream operator after streaming the property value

Parameters

ostr: The output stream
p: A reference to a pvalue<T> object

properties.h ¶

namespace opae¶

namespace fpga¶

namespace types¶

class properties¶

#include <properties.h>

Wraps an OPAE fpga_properties object.

properties are information describing an accelerator resource that is identified by its token. The properties are used during enumeration to narrow the search for an accelerator resource, and after enumeration to provide the configuration of that resource.

Public Types

typedef std::shared_ptr<properties> ptr_t¶

Public Functions

properties(const properties &p)¶

properties &operator=(const properties &p)¶

~properties()¶

fpga_properties c_type() const¶: Get the underlying fpga_properties object.

operator fpga_properties() const¶: Get the underlying fpga_properties object.

Public Members

pvalue<fpga_objtype> type¶

pvalue<uint32_t> num_errors¶

pvalue<uint16_t> segment¶

pvalue<uint8_t> bus¶

pvalue<uint8_t> device¶

pvalue<uint8_t> function¶

pvalue<uint8_t> socket_id¶

pvalue<uint32_t> num_slots¶

pvalue<uint64_t> bbs_id¶

pvalue<fpga_version> bbs_version¶

pvalue<uint16_t> vendor_id¶

pvalue<uint16_t> device_id¶

pvalue<char *> model¶

pvalue<uint64_t> local_memory_size¶

pvalue<uint64_t> capabilities¶

pvalue<uint32_t> num_mmio¶

pvalue<uint32_t> num_interrupts¶

pvalue<fpga_accelerator_state> accelerator_state¶

pvalue<uint64_t> object_id¶

pvalue<fpga_token> parent¶

guid_t guid¶

Public Static Functions

static properties::ptr_t get()¶

Create a new properties object.

Return: A properties smart pointer.

static properties::ptr_t get(fpga_guid guid_in)¶

Create a new properties object from a guid.

Return

A properties smart pointer with its guid initialized to guid_in

Parameters

guid_in: A guid to set in the properties

static properties::ptr_t get(fpga_objtype objtype)¶

Create a new properties object from an fpga_objtype.

Return

A properties smart pointer with its object type set to objtype.

Parameters

objtype: An object type to set in the properties

static properties::ptr_t get(std::shared_ptr<token> t)¶

Retrieve the properties for a given token object.

Return

A properties smart pointer for the given token.

Parameters

t: A token identifying the accelerator resource.

static properties::ptr_t get(fpga_token t)¶

Retrieve the properties for a given fpga_token.

Return

A properties smart pointer for the given fpga_token.

Parameters

t: An fpga_token identifying the accelerator resource.

static properties::ptr_t get(std::shared_ptr<handle> h)¶

Retrieve the properties for a given handle object.

Return

A properties smart pointer for the given handle.

Parameters

h: A handle identifying the accelerator resource.

Public Static Attributes

const std::vector<properties::ptr_t> none¶: An empty vector of properties. Useful for enumerating based on a “match all” criteria.

Private Functions

properties()¶

Private Members

fpga_properties props_¶

Resource Classes ¶

The token, handle, and shared_buffer classes are used to enumerate and access FPGA resources. properties are used to narrow the search space for token’s. Before enumerating the accelerator resources in the system, applications can produce one or more properties objects whose values are set to the desired characteristics for the resource. For example, an application may search for an accelerator resource based on its guid.

Once one or more token’s have been enumerated, the application must choose which token’s to request. The token is then converted to a handle by requesting that a handle object be allocated and opened for it.

Once a handle has been successfully opened, the application can read and write the associated configuration and status space. Additionally, the application may use the handle to allocate shared_buffer’s or to register event’s. The shared_buffer and event objects retain a reference to their owning handle so that the handle does not lose scope before freeing the shared_buffer and event objects.

token.h ¶

namespace opae

namespace fpga

namespace types

class token¶

#include <token.h>

Wraps the OPAE fpga_token primitive. token’s are created from an enumeration operation that uses properties describing an accelerator resource as search criteria.

Public Types

typedef std::shared_ptr<token> ptr_t¶

Public Functions

~token()¶

fpga_token c_type() const¶: Retrieve the underlying fpga_token primitive.

operator fpga_token() const¶: Retrieve the underlying fpga_token primitive.

Public Static Functions

static std::vector<token::ptr_t> enumerate(const std::vector<properties::ptr_t> &props)¶

Obtain a vector of token smart pointers for given search criteria.

Return

A set of known tokens that match the search.

Parameters

props: The search criteria.

Private Functions

token(fpga_token tok)¶

Private Members

fpga_token token_¶

handle.h ¶

namespace opae

namespace fpga

namespace types

class handle¶

#include <handle.h>

An allocated accelerator resource

Represents an accelerator resource that has been allocated by OPAE. Depending on the type of resource, its register space may be read/written using a handle object.

Public Types

typedef std::shared_ptr<handle> ptr_t¶

Public Functions

handle(const handle&)¶

handle &operator=(const handle&)¶

~handle()¶

fpga_handle c_type() const¶: Retrieve the underlying OPAE handle.

operator fpga_handle() const¶: Retrieve the underlying OPAE handle.

void reconfigure(uint32_t slot, const uint8_t *bitstream, size_t size, int flags)¶

Load a bitstream into an FPGA slot.

Parameters

slot: The slot number to program
bitstream: The bitstream binary data
size: The size of the bitstream
flags: Flags that control behavior of reconfiguration. Value of 0 indicates no flags. FPGA_RECONF_FORCE indicates that the bitstream is programmed into the slot without checking if the resource is currently in use.

Exceptions

invalid_param: if the handle is not an FPGA device handle or if the other parameters are not valid.
exception: if an internal error is encountered.
busy: if the accelerator for the given slot is in use.
reconf_error: if errors are reported by the driver (CRC or protocol errors).

uint32_t read_csr32(uint64_t offset, uint32_t csr_space = 0) const¶

Read 32 bits from a CSR belonging to a resource associated with a handle.

Return

The 32-bit value read from the CSR

Parameters

offset: The register offset
csr_space: The CSR space to read from. Default is 0.

void write_csr32(uint64_t offset, uint32_t value, uint32_t csr_space = 0)¶

Write 32 bit to a CSR belonging to a resource associated with a handle.

Parameters

offset: The register offset.
value: The 32-bit value to write to the register.
csr_space: The CSR space to read from. Default is 0.

uint64_t read_csr64(uint64_t offset, uint32_t csr_space = 0) const¶

Read 64 bits from a CSR belonging to a resource associated with a handle.

Return

The 64-bit value read from the CSR

Parameters

offset: The register offset
csr_space: The CSR space to read from. Default is 0.

void write_csr64(uint64_t offset, uint64_t value, uint32_t csr_space = 0)¶

Write 64 bit to a CSR belonging to a resource associated with a handle.

Parameters

offset: The register offset.
value: The 64-bit value to write to the register.
csr_space: The CSR space to read from. Default is 0.

uint8_t *mmio_ptr(uint64_t offset, uint32_t csr_space = 0) const¶

Retrieve a pointer to the MMIO region.

Return

MMIO base + offset

Parameters

offset: The byte offset to add to MMIO base.
csr_space: The desired CSR space. Default is 0.

virtual void reset()¶: Reset the accelerator identified by this handle

fpga_result close()¶

Close an accelerator resource (if opened)

Return: fpga_result indication the result of closing the handle or FPGA_EXCEPTION if handle is not opened
Note: This is available for explicitly closing a handle. The destructor for handle will call close.

Public Static Functions

static handle::ptr_t open(fpga_token token, int flags)¶

Open an accelerator resource, given a raw fpga_token

Return

pointer to the mmio base + offset for the given csr space

Parameters

token: A token describing the accelerator resource to be allocated.
flags: The flags parameter to fpgaOpen().

static handle::ptr_t open(token::ptr_t token, int flags)¶

Open an accelerator resource, given a token object

Return

shared ptr to a handle object

Parameters

token: A token object describing the accelerator resource to be allocated.
flags: The flags parameter to fpgaOpen().

Private Functions

handle(fpga_handle h)¶

Private Members

fpga_handle handle_¶

fpga_token token_¶

shared_buffer.h ¶

namespace opae

namespace fpga

namespace types

class shared_buffer¶

#include <shared_buffer.h>

Host/AFU shared memory blocks

shared_buffer abstracts a memory block that may be shared between the host cpu and an accelerator. The block may be allocated by the shared_buffer class itself (see allocate), or it may be allocated elsewhere and then attached to a shared_buffer object via attach.

Public Types

typedef std::size_t size_t¶

typedef std::shared_ptr<shared_buffer> ptr_t¶

Public Functions

shared_buffer(const shared_buffer&)¶

shared_buffer &operator=(const shared_buffer&)¶

virtual ~shared_buffer()¶: shared_buffer destructor.

void release()¶: Disassociate the shared_buffer object from the resource used to create it. If the buffer was allocated using the allocate function then the buffer is freed.

volatile uint8_t *c_type() const¶: Retrieve the virtual address of the buffer base.

handle::ptr_t owner() const¶: Retrieve the handle smart pointer associated with this buffer.

size_t size() const¶: Retrieve the length of the buffer in bytes.

uint64_t wsid() const¶: Retrieve the underlying buffer’s workspace id.

uint64_t io_address() const¶: Retrieve the address of the buffer suitable for programming into the accelerator device.

void fill(int c)¶: Write c to each byte location in the buffer.

int compare(ptr_t other, size_t len) const¶: Compare this shared_buffer (the first len bytes) to that held in other, using memcmp().

template <typename T> T read(size_t offset) const¶

Read a T-sized block of memory at the given location.

Return

A T from buffer base + offset.

Parameters

offset: The byte offset from the start of the buffer.

template <typename T> void write(const T &value, size_t offset)¶

Write a T-sized block of memory to the given location.

Parameters

value: The value to write.
offset: The byte offset from the start of the buffer.

Public Static Functions

static shared_buffer::ptr_t allocate(handle::ptr_t handle, size_t len)¶

shared_buffer factory method - allocate a shared_buffer.

Return

A valid shared_buffer smart pointer on success, or an empty smart pointer on failure.

Parameters

handle: The handle used to allocate the buffer.
len: The length in bytes of the requested buffer.

static shared_buffer::ptr_t attach(handle::ptr_t handle, uint8_t *base, size_t len)¶

Attach a pre-allocated buffer to a shared_buffer object.

Return

A valid shared_buffer smart pointer on success, or an empty smart pointer on failure.

Parameters

handle: The handle used to attach the buffer.
base: The base of the pre-allocated memory.
len: The size of the pre-allocated memory, which must be a multiple of the page size.

Protected Functions

shared_buffer(handle::ptr_t handle, size_t len, uint8_t *virt, uint64_t wsid, uint64_t io_address)¶

Protected Attributes

handle::ptr_t handle_¶

size_t len_¶

uint8_t *virt_¶

uint64_t wsid_¶

uint64_t io_address_¶

events.h ¶

namespace opae

namespace fpga

namespace types

class event¶

#include <events.h>

Wraps fpga event routines in OPAE C.

Public Types

typedef std::shared_ptr<event> ptr_t¶

Public Functions

virtual ~event()¶: Destroy event and associated resources.

fpga_event_handle get()¶

Get the fpga_event_handle contained in this object.

Return: The fpga_event_handle contained in this object

operator fpga_event_handle()¶

Coversion operator for converting to fpga_event_handle objects.

Return: The fpga_event_handle contained in this object

int os_object() const¶

Get OS Object from the event object.

Get an OS specific object from the event which can be used to subscribe for events. On Linux, the object corresponds to a file descriptor that can be used with select/poll/epoll calls.

Return: An integer object representing the OS object

Public Static Functions

static event::ptr_t register_event(handle::ptr_t h, event::type_t t, int flags = 0)¶

Factory function to create event objects.

Return

A shared ptr to an event object

Parameters

h: A shared ptr of a resource handle
t: The resource type
flags: Event registration flags passed on to fpgaRegisterEvent

Private Functions

event(handle::ptr_t h, event::type_t t, fpga_event_handle event_h)¶

Private Members

handle::ptr_t handle_¶

event::type_t type_¶

fpga_event_handle event_handle_¶

int os_object_¶

struct type_t¶

#include <events.h>

C++ struct that is interchangeable with fpga_event_type enum.

Public Functions

type_t(fpga_event_type c_type)¶

operator fpga_event_type()¶

Public Static Attributes

constexpr fpga_event_type interrupt = FPGA_EVENT_INTERRUPT ¶

constexpr fpga_event_type error = FPGA_EVENT_ERROR ¶

constexpr fpga_event_type power_thermal = FPGA_EVENT_POWER_THERMAL ¶

Private Members

fpga_event_type type_¶

Exceptions ¶

When the OPAE C++ API encounters an error from the OPAE C API, it captures the current source code location and the error code into an object of type except, then throws the except. Applications should implement the appropriate catch blocks required to respond to runtime exceptions.

except.h ¶

Defines

OPAECXX_HERE¶: Construct a src_location object for the current source line.

ASSERT_FPGA_OK(r)¶: Macro to check of result is FPGA_OK If not, throw exception that corresponds to the result code.

namespace opae

namespace fpga

namespace types

class src_location¶

#include <except.h>

Identify a particular line in a source file.

Public Functions

src_location(const char *file, const char *fn, int line)¶

src_location constructor

Parameters

file: The source file name, typically FILE.
fn: The current function, typically func.
line: The current line number, typically LINE.

src_location(const src_location &other)¶

src_location &operator=(const src_location &other)¶

const char *file() const¶: Retrieve the file name component of the location.

const char *fn() const¶: Retrieve the function name component of the location.

int line() const¶: Retrieve the line number component of the location.

Private Members

const char *file_¶

const char *fn_¶

int line_¶

class except : public std::exception¶

#include <except.h>

Generic OPAE exception

An except tracks the source line of origin and an optional fpga_result. If no fpga_result is given, then FPGA_EXCEPTION is used.

Subclassed by opae::fpga::types::busy, opae::fpga::types::exception, opae::fpga::types::invalid_param, opae::fpga::types::no_access, opae::fpga::types::no_daemon, opae::fpga::types::no_driver, opae::fpga::types::no_memory, opae::fpga::types::not_found, opae::fpga::types::not_supported, opae::fpga::types::reconf_error

Public Functions

except(src_location loc)¶

except constructor The fpga_result value is FPGA_EXCEPTION.

Parameters

loc: Location where the exception was constructed.

except(fpga_result res, src_location loc)¶

except constructor

Parameters

res: The fpga_result value associated with this exception.
loc: Location where the exception was constructed.

except(fpga_result res, const char *msg, src_location loc)¶

except constructor

Parameters

res: The fpga_result value associated with this exception.
msg: The error message as a string
loc: Location where the exception was constructed.

virtual const char *what() const¶: Convert this except to an informative string.

operator fpga_result() const¶: Convert this except to its fpga_result.

Public Static Attributes

const std::size_t MAX_EXCEPT = 256¶

Protected Attributes

fpga_result res_¶

const char *msg_¶

src_location loc_¶

char buf_[MAX_EXCEPT]¶

class invalid_param : public opae::fpga::types::except ¶

#include <except.h>

invalid_param exception

invalid_param tracks the source line of origin for exceptions thrown when the error code FPGA_INVALID_PARAM is returned from a call to an OPAE C API function

Public Functions

invalid_param(src_location loc)¶

invalid_param constructor

Parameters

loc: Location where the exception was constructed.

class busy : public opae::fpga::types::except ¶

#include <except.h>

busy exception

busy tracks the source line of origin for exceptions thrown when the error code FPGA_BUSY is returned from a call to an OPAE C API function

Public Functions

busy(src_location loc)¶

busy constructor

Parameters

loc: Location where the exception was constructed.

class exception : public opae::fpga::types::except ¶

#include <except.h>

exception exception

exception tracks the source line of origin for exceptions thrown when the error code FPGA_EXCEPTION is returned from a call to an OPAE C API function

Public Functions

exception(src_location loc)¶

exception constructor

Parameters

loc: Location where the exception was constructed.

class not_found : public opae::fpga::types::except ¶

#include <except.h>

not_found exception

not_found tracks the source line of origin for exceptions thrown when the error code FPGA_NOT_FOUND is returned from a call to an OPAE C API function

Public Functions

not_found(src_location loc)¶

not_found constructor

Parameters

loc: Location where the exception was constructed.

class no_memory : public opae::fpga::types::except ¶

#include <except.h>

no_memory exception

no_memory tracks the source line of origin for exceptions thrown when the error code FPGA_NO_MEMORY is returned from a call to an OPAE C API function

Public Functions

no_memory(src_location loc)¶

no_memory constructor

Parameters

loc: Location where the exception was constructed.

class not_supported : public opae::fpga::types::except ¶

#include <except.h>

not_supported exception

not_supported tracks the source line of origin for exceptions thrown when the error code FPGA_NOT_SUPPORTED is returned from a call to an OPAE C API function

Public Functions

not_supported(src_location loc)¶

not_supported constructor

Parameters

loc: Location where the exception was constructed.

class no_driver : public opae::fpga::types::except ¶

#include <except.h>

no_driver exception

no_driver tracks the source line of origin for exceptions thrown when the error code FPGA_NO_DRIVER is returned from a call to an OPAE C API function

Public Functions

no_driver(src_location loc)¶

no_driver constructor

Parameters

loc: Location where the exception was constructed.

class no_daemon : public opae::fpga::types::except ¶

#include <except.h>

no_daemon exception

no_daemon tracks the source line of origin for exceptions thrown when the error code FPGA_NO_DAEMON is returned from a call to an OPAE C API function

Public Functions

no_daemon(src_location loc)¶

no_daemon constructor

Parameters

loc: Location where the exception was constructed.

class no_access : public opae::fpga::types::except ¶

#include <except.h>

no_access exception

no_access tracks the source line of origin for exceptions thrown when the error code FPGA_NO_ACCESS is returned from a call to an OPAE C API function

Public Functions

no_access(src_location loc)¶

no_access constructor

Parameters

loc: Location where the exception was constructed.

class reconf_error : public opae::fpga::types::except ¶

#include <except.h>

reconf_error exception

reconf_error tracks the source line of origin for exceptions thrown when the error code FPGA_RECONF_ERROR is returned from a call to an OPAE C API function

Public Functions

reconf_error(src_location loc)¶

reconf_error constructor

Parameters

loc: Location where the exception was constructed.

namespace detail¶

Typedefs

typedef bool (*exception_fn)(fpga_result, const opae::fpga::types::src_location &loc)¶: typedef function pointer that returns bool if result is FPGA_OK

Functions

template <typename T> constexpr bool is_ok(fpga_result result, const opae::fpga::types::src_location &loc)¶: is_ok is a template function that throws an excpetion of its template argument type if the result code is not FPGA_OK. Otherwise it returns true.

static void assert_fpga_ok(fpga_result result, const opae::fpga::types::src_location &loc)¶

Misc ¶

The version class wraps the OPAE C version API.

version.h ¶

namespace opae

namespace fpga

namespace types

class version¶

#include <version.h>

Public Static Functions

static fpga_version as_struct()¶

Get the package version information as a struct.

Return: The package version as an fpga_version struct

static std::string as_string()¶

Get the package version information as a string.

Return: The package version as an std::string object

static std::string build()¶

Get the package build information as a string.

Return: The package build as an std::string object

OPAE C++ Core API Reference¶

Overview ¶

Goals ¶

Simplicity ¶

Extensibility and Interoperability ¶

Modern C++ Coding Practices ¶

Error Handling ¶

Coding Style ¶

Fundamental Types ¶

Properties ¶

pvalue.h ¶

properties.h ¶

Resource Classes ¶

token.h ¶

handle.h ¶

shared_buffer.h ¶

events.h ¶

Exceptions ¶

except.h ¶

Misc ¶

version.h ¶